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| Resource Library > Technology Transfer > Programs and Initiatives > Bioventing > Resources |
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| Resources, Protocols and Reports |
- Procedures for Conducting Bioventing Pilot Tests and Long-Term Monitoring of Bioventing Systems, AFCEE, May 2004
- This document provides a summary of soil bioventing procedures with an emphasis on pilot testing and the long-term monitoring of full-scale bioventing systems. The document is intended for use by engineers and scientists who are responsible for planning or conducting soil remediation projects using in situ bioventing methods. The document is an updated version of earlier AFCEE bioventing protocols.
- Principles and Practices of Bioventing, Volume I: Bioventing Principles, September 1996, and Principles and Practices of Bioventing, Volume II: Bioventing Design, September 1996
- Volume 1 and Volume 2 of the Bioventing Principles and Practices Manual were developed by the AFCEE and published through both the US EPA and DOD. These documents provide all the information necessary to understand where bioventing is appropriate through how to properly design and monitor a system. Volume 1 presents bioventing principles and discusses bioventing data, while Volume 2 discusses site characterization activities, system design, performance monitoring and site closure.
- Addendum One, Test Plan and Technical Protocol for A Field Treatability Test for Bioventing - Using Soil Gas Surveys to Determine Bioventing Feasibility and Natural Attenuation Protocol, February 1994
- This document presents the reader with a working knowledge of how soil gas can be used as an indicator of subsurface hydrocarbon contamination and how bioventing feasibility can be determined using soil gas monitoring techniques.
- Test Plan and Technical Protocol for a Field Treatability Test for Bioventing, May 1992
- This protocol identifies the necessary steps required to perform a bioventing treatability test at a given site.
- Engineering and Design - Soil Vapor Extraction and Bioventing (US Army, 2002)
- This manual provides practical guidance for the design and operation of soil vapor extraction (SVE) and bioventing (BV) systems. It is intended for use by engineers, geologists, hydrogeologists, and soil scientists, chemists, project managers, and others who possess a technical education and some design experience but only the broadest familiarity with SVE or BV systems.
- Source Reduction Effectiveness at Fuel Contaminated Sites Technical Summary Report AFCEE, 2000
- The objectives of this effort were to assess the degree to which various types of engineered source-reduction efforts at selected fuel-contaminated sites have resulted in decreasing concentrations of fuel constituents dissolved in groundwater; and describe a methodology for evaluating the potential effectiveness of source reduction actions at reducing the magnitude and extent of dissolved fuel constituents.
Cost and Performance Documents
- A General Evaluation of Bioventing for Removal Actions at Air Force/DOD Installations Nationwide General Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (EE/CA), June 1996
- This Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (EE/CA) document supports bioventing as the preferred alternative for non-time-critical removal actions to remediate fuel-hydrocarbon contamination in soils at Air Force installation nationwide. A conventional EE/CA document generally supports a decision to perform a removal action at a specified site or group of sites. This document is a modified EE/CA, designed to facilitate decision-making and to streamline the administrative process in the Air Force Installation Restoration Program (IRP). This is accomplished by focusing on the general applicability of a single technology (bioventing in this case) rather than on a single site. This General Evaluation Document establishes a site-selection methodology that defines site conditions requiring early action and to effectively apply the bioventing technology.
- Bioventing Performance and Cost Results from Multiple Air Force Test Sites, June 1996
- This technical memorandum summarizes the results of bioventing treatability studies of fuels conducted at 145 US Air Force sites. The memorandum discusses overall study results and presents cost and performance data and lessons learned.
- A Performance and Cost Evaluation of Internal Combustion Engines for the Destruction of Hydrocarbon Vapors from Fuel-contaminated Soils, (A324061)
- Available from NTIS, this document describes the performance and costs associated with a modified internal combustion engine (ICE) used for the destruction of hydrocarbon vapors extracted from fuel contaminated soils. During the period of 18 October 1993 to 14 January 1994, an ICE treatment system manufactured by VR Systems Inc. in Anaheim, California was tested at the Patrick Air Force Base (AFB), Florida, active Base Exchange (BX) service station. The purpose of this test was to independently measure both the performance and the cost of ICE operation, and to determine how this technology can be most effectively used to complement the bioventing technology.
- Performance and Cost Evaluation of Ultrox D-Tox UV/Oxidation System for the Treatment of Hydrocarbon Vapors from Fuel-contaminated Soils, Draft, A324022
- Available from NTIS, this technology demonstration was completed to determine the feasibility of using an ultraviolet (UV) oxidizing catalyst in the presence of ozone to treat non-chlorinated, fuel hydrocarbon volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The soil vapor extraction (SVE) and treatment demonstration was conducted at the Installation Restoration Program (IRP) Site SS-20 located at Myrtle Beach Air Force Base (AFB), Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. Site SS-20, locally known as the MOGAS site, was previously investigated under the IRP and known to be contaminated with gasoline residuals. This demonstration was conducted from 10 November to 20 December 1996 and was performed as part of an ongoing innovative technologies evaluation program sponsored by the Air Force in order to promote cost-effective vapor treatment technologies at contaminated sites. The technology demonstration was performed in accordance with the 'Treatability Study Test Design for ULTROX(registered) UV/Oxidation System Pilot Scale Treatability Testing at Myrtle Beach AFB, Myrtle Beach, SC.' (Zimpro, ULTROX Division, September, 1995) as approved by the Air Force and regulatory agencies.
- Addendum to Natural Pressure-Driven Passive Bioventing, January 2001-November 2002
- This DoD Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) report specifically addresses the applicability of using passive bioventing at fuel contaminated sites in Eastern US, where vadose zones are usually shallow and remain moist throughout year because of more uniform precipitation, compared to most sites in the Western US. Short-term assessment of more than 10 sites and detailed evaluation of two sites with greatest potential indicate that passive bioventing has limited applicability at Eastern locations that have vadose zones less than 30 feet deep. High soil moisture in shallow, unconsolidated vadose zone profiles and the general East Coast stratigraphy do not provide conditions favorable for cost-effective passive bioventing.
- Natural Pressure-Driven Passive Bioventing, January 2004
- This report was produced by ESTCP. It provides information needed for comparing passive bioventing to conventional bioventing on a basis of performance, installation and operating costs, and implementation issues. The primary demonstration objective was to identify sites where passive bioventing would be successful. The secondary objective was to measure the rate of airflow and radius of oxygen influence as a result of operating a pilot-scale passive bioventing system that consisted of one vent well with a one-way passive valve and soil-gas monitoring points.
- Cost and Performance Report for Natural Pressure-Driven Passive Bioventing, October 2004
- This document provides information needed for comparing passive bioventing to conventional bioventing on the basis of performance, installation and operating costs, and implementation issues. The primary demonstration objective was to identify a site where passive bioventing would be successful. The secondary objective was to measure the rate of airflow and radius of oxygen influence as the result of operating a pilot-scale passive bioventing system that consisted of one vent well with a one-way passive valve and soil-gas monitoring points.
Tools
- Bioventing Design Tool
- Through the efforts of AFCEE and the US EPA Bioremediation Field Initiative, bioventing has been implemented at more than 150 sites and has emerged as one of the most cost-effective and efficient technologies currently available for vadose zone remediation of petroleum-contaminated sites. As part of this effort, the aforementioned Principles and Practices of Bioventing (Volumes 1 and 2) was prepared as guidance on bioventing activities. These documents should be used in conjunction with the Bioventing Design Tool® (BVDT®) to provide detailed discussions on the theory and application of bioventing. The Boventing Design Tool was developed for the Air Force Research Laboratory by Battelle Memorial Institute.
This zipped version of the BVDT® (version 1.0) is the first public release. It contains the BVDT®, the Bioventing Database, the BVDT® Help File, and the User's Guide in Acrobat portable document format (PDF).
US EPA Bioremediation Field Initiative Resources
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